An Important Message to Parents
 
Current scientific research shows that most of the development of the human brain takes place during the first three years of life.  To ensure healthy development, children need appropriate cognitive, emotional, and physical stimulation.  Parents need to be aware of their child’s developmental stages in order to encourage healthy development in an age-appropriate manner. 
  
Cognitive 
A study by Dr. William Greenough at the University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana found on autopsy that rats exposed to an enriched environment full of toys, food, exercise devices, and playmates had superbrains.  They had about 25% more connections between brain cells than rats raised in standard, dull laboratory cages.  Studies also show that the IQ’s of premature children or those born into poverty can be significantly increased by exposure to toys, language, appropriate parenting, and other stimuli. 
  
What You Can Do: 
* Challenge your children to think.  Teach them to count, match colors, recite the alphabet, learn nursery rhymes, and work puzzles.  Most importantly, read to your children or show them picture books.  
* Create a stimulating environment.  Surround your child with bright colors, various textures, and interesting sounds and smells. 
* Talk to your children.  Children are eager to learn and to understand.  Talk to them often and talk to them in complete sentences.  Tell them about their environment—situations, people, places.  Don’t underestimate their ability to take in information. 

Emotional 
Dr. Ned Kalin, chief of psychiatry at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, found that rats stressed during pregnancy have offspring that are very emotional and reactive.  They are hyper-responsive to stress and their brains produce more adrenaline, a stress hormone.  Neuroscientist Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University and others have found that with increased mothering behaviors, newborns grow up calm and ready to explore.  
  
What You Can Do: 
* Show how much you care.  Provide an abundance of love, concern, and care for your child. 
* Take good care of yourself.  Monitor your own stress and mental health.  Find help if you feel overwhelmed.  Your state of mind will affect your child’s development. 
* Do your best to shelter your child.  Shield children from stressful or violent environments. 

Physical 
Dr. Saul Schanberg of Duke University and Tiffany Field of the University of Miami noticed a lack of growth among premature infants in “do not touch” incubators.  The doctors felt these children were so small that they should not be disturbed.  Yet no matter how well fed or medically cared for the children were, they struggled to survive.  To understand this phenomenon, Schanberg and Field studied rats without physical stimulation from a caretaker and found that the baby rats released stress hormones to decrease the body’s need for nourishment and cause growth to cease.  The animals’ brains were responding to the absence of a caretaker by telling their bodies to stop growing because they would not be cared for.  With this information, hospitals started to hold and rub the backs of the preemies, and the infants began to grow and thrive.  Their growth rates nearly doubled!  
   
What You Can Do:  
* Cuddle, hug, kiss, and hold your children.  Children need a lot of affection many times a day! 
* Make sure your children have opportunities to run, stretch, skip, and jump. 
* Feed your children healthy foods: fruits, vegetables, milk, cheese; fish, chicken, whole-grain breads and cereals.  
  
The studies cited were reported in Ronald Kotulak’s 1993 “Unlocking the Mind, A Prize-Winning Series from the Chicago Tribune.” 
 
 

 

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